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L'International Center of Photography de New York consacre à partir du 20 mai une exposition saisissante. Une soixantaine de photographie inédites, tirées des collections du musée qu'elles ont intégré en 2006, présentent le Japon au lendemain de l'attaque nucléaire d'Hiroshima. Des preuves collectées par les photographes dépêchés sur place parmi les 1150 civils et militaires envoyés par le président Truman au lendemain de la castrophe, le 6 août 1945. L'objectif de la mission, baptisée United States Strategic Bombing Survey, était de photographier et d'analyser l'impact des bombes nucléaires lancées par les Etats-Unis sur le Japon. Les photos ont ensuite été rigoureusement tenues à distance du public, jusqu'à ce que l'ICP fasse l'acquisition de certaines d'entre elles en 2006. L'exposition dure du 20 mai au 28 août, et en pleine interrogation internationale sur l'avenir du nucléaire après le drame de Fukushima, elle promet d'être l'une des plus remarquées de l'année.

Once-classified images of atomic destruction at Hiroshima will be displayed in a new exhibition Hiroshima: Ground Zero 1945 at the International Center of Photography from May 20 to August 28, 2011. Drawn from ICP’s permanent collection, the Hiroshima archive includes more than 700 images of absence and annihilation, which formed the basis for civil defense architecture in the United States. These images had been mislaid for over forty years before being acquired by ICP in 2006.

This exhibition will include approximately 60 contact prints and photographs as well as the secret 1947 United States Strategic Bombing Survey (USSBS) report, The Effects of the Strategic Bombing on Hiroshima, Japan. It will be accompanied by a catalogue published by ICP/Steidl, with essays by John W. Dower, Adam Harrison Levy, David Monteyne, Philomena Mariani, and Erin Barnett.

After the nuclear attacks in August 1945, President Truman dispatched members of the USSBS to Japan to survey the military, economic, and civilian damage. The Survey’s Physical Damage Division photographed, analyzed, and evaluated the atomic bomb’s impact on the structures surrounding the Hiroshima blast site, designated «Ground Zero». The findings of the USSBS provided essential information to American architects and civil engineers as they debated the merits of bomb shelters, suburbanization, and revised construction techniques.

Pour voir la vidéo de l'exposition : http://vimeo.com/24030100

United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Physical Damage Division, [Ruins of the Hiroshima Prefectural Commercial Exhibition Hall (A-Bomb Dome)], October 24, 1945. International Center of Photograph.

United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Physical Damage Division, [Distorted steel-frame structure of Odamasa Store, Hiroshima], November 20, 1945. International Center of Photography.

The photographs in this exhibition were in the possession of Robert L. Corsbie, an executive officer of the Physical Damage Division who later worked for the Atomic Energy Commission. An architectural engineer and expert on the effects of the atomic bomb, he used what he learned from the structural analyses and these images to promote civil defense architecture in the U.S. The photographs went through a series of unintended moves after Corsbie, his wife and son died in a house fire in 1967. The U.S., at war with Japan, detonated the world’s first weaponized atomic bomb over Hiroshima, a vast port city of over 350,000 inhabitants, on August 6, 1945. The blast obliterated about 70 percent of the city and caused the deaths of more than 140,000 people. Three days later, the U.S. dropped a second nuclear bomb on Nagasaki, resulting in another 80,000 fatalities. Within a week, Japan announced its surrender to the Allied Powers, effectively ending World War II. «Once part of a classified cache of government photographs, this archive of haunting images documents the devastating power of the atomic bomb», said ICP Assistant Curator of Collections Erin Barnett, who organized the exhibition. The archive containing the images included in Hiroshima: Ground Zero 1945 was purchased in 2006 with funds provided by the ICP Acquisitions Committee.

The exhibition and catalogue were made possible with funds provided by the ICP Acquisitions Committee and with public funds from the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs in partnership with the City Council.

Vignette : United States Strategic Bombing Survey, Physical Damage Division, [Rooftop view of atomic destruction, looking southwest, Hiroshima], October 31, 1945. International Center of Photography.